‘More than any other Indian he has . . . broadened the bases of Indian nationalism. He has been India’s internationalist par excellence’ —Jawaharlal Nehru

Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) was the first Asian to win a Nobel Prize. Nationalism is based on lectures delivered by him during the First World War. While the nations of Europe were doing battle, Tagore urged his audiences in Japan and the United States to eschew political aggressiveness and cultural arrogance. His mission, one might say, was to synthesize East and West, tradition and modernity. The lectures were not always well received at the time, but they were chillingly prophetic. As Ramachandra Guha shows in his brilliant and erudite introduction, it was by reading and speaking to Tagore that those founders of modern India, Gandhi and Nehru, developed a theory of nationalism that was inclusive rather than exclusive. Tagore’s Nationalism should be mandatory reading in today’s climate of xenophobia, sectarianism, violence and intolerance.